OutdoorSTX RX 101 Field Hockey Stick
The step up from an entry-level stick, with about 10% carbon for extra power.
Compare outdoor, indoor, junior and goalie field hockey sticks from STX, Grays, adidas, Kookaburra, Gryphon, TK and more. Filter by level, age and type, then check today's price on Amazon.
191 products · 26 brands · Updated October 2026
OutdoorThe step up from an entry-level stick, with about 10% carbon for extra power.
OutdoorA classic wooden stick with a soft touch, ideal for learning the basics.
OutdoorSTX's field hockey stick for developing players: about 40% carbon and extreme low bow profile.
IndoorA field hockey stick from STX for beginners, with low bow profile and 35 inch (this listing).
Outdoor
OutdoorAbout 40% carbon and 35 inch (this listing) — a STX field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorStandard bow profile and 36 inch (this listing) — a STX field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from STX for elite players, with about 90% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from STX for experienced players, with about 70% carbon and 37.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorA field hockey stick from STX for elite players, with about 90% carbon, 5% fiberglass and extreme low bow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from STX for developing players, with low bow profile and 35.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorXtreme low bow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing) — a STX field hockey stick made for developing players.
GoalieSTX's field hockey stick for beginners: 35 inch (this listing) and goalkeeping-specific design.
OutdoorAbout 10% carbon and low bow profile — a STX field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorA high-performance composite stick from STX's XT family for experienced players.
OutdoorAbout 90% carbon and extreme low bow profile — a STX field hockey stick made for elite players.
OutdoorGrays' best-known entry stick, bundled with a free chamois grip.
OutdoorAn Ultrabow profile stick that makes lifting and 3D skills easier.
Goalie
OutdoorUltrabow profile and 35 inch (this listing) — a Grays field hockey stick made for experienced players.
OutdoorA step up from the GX1000, with a firmer feel and a bonus chamois grip.
Mini stickGrays's field hockey stick for developing players: 18 inch (this listing) and 18" gift and autograph stick.
OutdoorDynabow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing) — a Grays field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorJumbow profile and 36.5 inch light (this listing) — a Grays field hockey stick made for developing players.
Goalie
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Grays for beginners, with midbow profile and 35 inch light (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Grays for developing players, with dynabow profile and 35 inch (this listing).
OutdoorGrays's field hockey stick for developing players: dynabow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorLow bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play — an adidas field hockey stick made for developing players.
IndoorA field hockey stick from adidas for beginners, with wooden construction for a soft feel and low bow profile.
IndoorWooden construction for a soft feel and low bow profile — an adidas field hockey stick made for beginners.
IndoorBuilt for indoor hockey — an adidas field hockey stick made for beginners.
Outdooradidas's field hockey stick for developing players: low bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from adidas for developing players, with low bow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from adidas for developing players, with low bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for beginners, with about 10% carbon and mid-bow profile.
OutdoorAbout 98% carbon, 2% fiberglass and mid bow profile — a Kookaburra field hockey stick made for elite players.
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for developing players: low bow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for beginners: about 25% carbon and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for developing players, with low bow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorAbout 40% carbon and low bow profile — a Kookaburra field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for elite players, with about 95% carbon, 5% fiberglass and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for elite players: about 95% carbon, 5% fiberglass and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorAbout 95% carbon, 5% fiberglass and 36.5 inch (this listing) — a Kookaburra field hockey stick made for elite players.
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for elite players: about 95% carbon, 5% fiberglass and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for developing players: about 50% carbon, 20% fiberglass and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for elite players, with about 98% carbon, 2% fiberglass and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorAbout 95% carbon and 36.5 inch (this listing) — a Kookaburra field hockey stick made for elite players.
OutdoorAbout 80% carbon, 20% fiberglass and low bow profile — a Kookaburra field hockey stick made for experienced players.
OutdoorWooden construction for a soft feel and 30 inch (this listing) — a Kookaburra field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for beginners: midbow profile and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for experienced players, with about 70% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for experienced players, with about 70% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorKookaburra's field hockey stick for developing players: about 60% carbon and 37.5 inch light (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for developing players, with 35 inch light (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Kookaburra for developing players, with outdoor turf and grass play.
WoodenGryphon's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 34 inch (this listing).
OutdoorLow bow profile and 34 inch (this listing) — a Gryphon field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Gryphon for experienced players, with low bow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorA field hockey stick from Gryphon for beginners, with 36 inch (this listing) and built for indoor hockey.
Mini stickGryphon's field hockey stick for developing players: 18 inch (this listing) and 18" gift and autograph stick.
IndoorA field hockey stick from Independent Designers for experienced players, with low bow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorA field hockey stick from Gryphon for developing players, with low bow profile and 35.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorA field hockey stick from Gryphon for developing players, with low bow profile and 35.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorGryphon's field hockey stick for developing players: extreme low bow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Gryphon for elite players, with low bow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorGryphon's field hockey stick for beginners: probow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorAbout 30% carbon, 60% fiberglass and control bow profile — a TK field hockey stick made for developing players.
Mini stickA field hockey stick from TK for developing players, with 18 inch (this listing) and 18" gift and autograph stick.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from TK for developing players, with low bow profile and 35.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorLow bow profile and 35.5 inch (this listing) — a TK field hockey stick made for experienced players.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from TK for developing players, with about 50% carbon and low bow profile.
WoodenWooden construction for a soft feel and 35 inch (this listing) — a Grays field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorGrays's field hockey stick for beginners: controlbow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorControlbow profile and 35 inch (this listing) — a Grays field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorGrays's field hockey stick for beginners: controlbow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorTK's field hockey stick for experienced players: about 80% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorControlbow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing) — a Grays field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorTK's field hockey stick for beginners: about 10% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorLow bow profile and 35 inch (this listing) — a Gryphon field hockey stick made for beginners.
IndoorLow bow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing) — a TK field hockey stick made for experienced players.
OutdoorGryphon's field hockey stick for experienced players: low bow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorAbout 50% carbon and extreme low bow profile — a TK field hockey stick made for developing players.
WoodenWooden construction for a soft feel and 32 inch (this listing) — a TK field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorLongstreth's field hockey stick for developing players: low bow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing).
IndoorTK's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 32 inch (this listing).
IndoorAbout 10% carbon, 85% fiberglass and low bow profile — a TK field hockey stick made for beginners.
WoodenA field hockey stick from Grays for beginners, with wooden construction for a soft feel and ultrabow profile.
OutdoorLatebow profile and 37.5 inch (this listing) — a TK field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorTK's field hockey stick for developing players: about 30% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorControlbow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing) — a TK field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from TK for beginners, with 34 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorGryphon's field hockey stick for beginners: ultrabow profile and 28 inch (this listing).
Outdoor36 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Longstreth field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorAbout 70% carbon and late bow profile — a TK field hockey stick made for experienced players.
IndoorWooden construction for a soft feel and controlbow profile — a TK field hockey stick made for beginners.
GoalieGoalkeeping-specific design — an OBO field hockey stick made for developing players.
GoalieOBO's field hockey stick for developing players: goalkeeping-specific design.
GoalieGoalkeeping-specific design — an OBO field hockey stick made for developing players.
GoalieGoalkeeping-specific design — an OBO field hockey stick made for developing players.
GoalieOBO's field hockey stick for developing players: goalkeeping-specific design.
GoalieOBO's field hockey stick for developing players: 37.5 inch (this listing) and goalkeeping-specific design.
Goalie37.5 inch (this listing) and goalkeeping-specific design — an OBO field hockey stick made for developing players.
GoalieOBO's field hockey stick for developing players: 36.5 inch (this listing) and goalkeeping-specific design.
Indoor37.5 inch (this listing) and built for indoor hockey — an OBO field hockey stick made for developing players.
GoalieOBO's field hockey stick for developing players: 37.5 inch (this listing) and goalkeeping-specific design.
Outdoor36.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Generic field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorAbout 95% carbon and low bow profile — a Generic field hockey stick made for elite players.
Outdoor36.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Generic field hockey stick made for developing players.
Outdoor36.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Generic field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorRitual's field hockey stick for developing players: 37.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Osaka for developing players, with about 40% carbon, 55% fiberglass and low bow profile.
OutdoorMid bow profile and 32 inch (this listing) — an Osaka field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorOsaka's field hockey stick for experienced players: about 70% carbon and pro bow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Osaka for developing players, with pro bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorPro bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play — an Osaka field hockey stick made for developing players.
Outdoor28 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — an Osaka field hockey stick made for beginners.
IndoorAbout 30% carbon and low bow profile — an Osaka field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorAbout 98% carbon and low bow profile — an Osaka field hockey stick made for elite players.
OutdoorPro bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play — an Osaka field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorOsaka's field hockey stick for beginners: about 10% carbon, 85% fiberglass and 34 inch (this listing).
IndoorAbout 10% carbon and low bow profile — an Osaka field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Mazon for developing players, with mid bow profile and 35.5 inch (this listing).
Outdoor36.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Mazon field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Mazon for developing players, with 35 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Mazon for beginners, with about 20% carbon and 37.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorMazon's field hockey stick for developing players: 36.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorMazon's field hockey stick for developing players: 32 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorMazon's field hockey stick for developing players: 34 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
Outdoor37.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Mazon field hockey stick made for developing players.
Indoor36.5 inch (this listing) and built for indoor hockey — a Mazon field hockey stick made for developing players.
IndoorMazon's field hockey stick for developing players: 36.5 inch (this listing) and built for indoor hockey.
OutdoorAbout 10% carbon and 35.5 inch (this listing) — a Mazon field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorOutdoor turf and grass play — a Harrow field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Harrow for developing players, with outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorOutdoor turf and grass play — a Harrow field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorOutdoor turf and grass play — a Harrow field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Brine for developing players, with 37.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Brine for developing players, with 36.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Brine for developing players, with standard bow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Princess for beginners, with about 10% carbon and 33 inch (this listing).
OutdoorPrincess's field hockey stick for beginners: about 25% carbon and mid bow profile.
IndoorA field hockey stick from Princess for beginners, with wooden construction for a soft feel and 34 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Princess for beginners, with about 10% carbon and mid bow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Princess for developing players, with about 50% carbon and low bow profile.
IndoorA field hockey stick from Princess for beginners, with about 15% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorAbout 35% carbon and low bow profile — a Princess field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Princess for beginners, with wooden construction for a soft feel and 32 inch (this listing).
IndoorPrincess's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 30 inch (this listing).
OutdoorOutdoor turf and grass play — a The Indian Maharadja field hockey stick made for developing players.
IndoorThe Indian Maharadja's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 34 inch (this listing).
OutdoorThe Indian Maharadja's field hockey stick for beginners: 28 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
WoodenThe Indian Maharadja's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 28 inch (this listing).
IndoorLow bow profile and 32 inch (this listing) — a voodoo field hockey stick made for experienced players.
OutdoorMercian's field hockey stick for beginners: about 5% carbon, 95% fiberglass and 35 inch light (this listing).
Outdoor34 inch light (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Mercian field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorMercian's field hockey stick for elite players: about 95% carbon and 37.5 inch light (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Mercian for beginners, with about 5% carbon, 95% fiberglass and 36.5 inch light (this listing).
OutdoorAbout 15% carbon and 35 inch light (this listing) — a Mercian field hockey stick made for beginners.
Outdoor37.5 inch light (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Mercian field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorMercian's field hockey stick for elite players: about 95% carbon and 36.5 inch light (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Mercian for elite players, with about 95% carbon and low bow profile.
GoalieA field hockey stick from Mercian for developing players, with 36.5 inch (this listing) and goalkeeping-specific design.
OutdoorOutdoor turf and grass play — a Franklin Sports field hockey stick made for developing players.
OutdoorWooden construction for a soft feel and outdoor turf and grass play — a PG Sports field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorGeneric's field hockey stick for developing players: 2.75 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Generic for developing players, with 7/8 inch x 10 yards (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorCustomGiftsNow's field hockey stick for developing players: 4x6-inch horizontal (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Generic for developing players, with outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Independent Designers for developing players, with outdoor turf and grass play.
IndoorGrays's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and dynabow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from STX for developing players, with low bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorGrays's field hockey stick for developing players: probow profile and 36.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from TK for beginners, with about 20% carbon and low bow profile.
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Mazon for developing players, with 37.5 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorAbout 15% carbon and 34 inch (this listing) — a Brabo field hockey stick made for beginners.
OutdoorBrabo's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 27 inch (this listing).
OutdoorWooden construction for a soft feel and 31 inch (this listing) — a Brabo field hockey stick made for beginners.
IndoorBrabo's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 37.5 inch (this listing).
OutdoorBrabo's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and mid bow profile.
IndoorBrabo's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and low bow profile.
IndoorBrabo's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 30 inch (this listing).
OutdoorA field hockey stick from Brabo for beginners, with 33 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play.
Outdoor32 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Brabo field hockey stick made for beginners.
Outdoor27 inch (this listing) and outdoor turf and grass play — a Brabo field hockey stick made for beginners.
IndoorBrabo's field hockey stick for beginners: wooden construction for a soft feel and 35 inch (this listing).
IndoorWooden construction for a soft feel and 29 inch (this listing) — a Brabo field hockey stick made for beginners.
GoalieA field hockey stick from hBARSCI for beginners, with wooden construction for a soft feel and goalkeeping-specific design.
WoodenA field hockey stick from Framendino for beginners, with wooden construction for a soft feel and outdoor turf and grass play.
OutdoorLate bow profile and outdoor turf and grass play — a TK field hockey stick made for developing players.
A popular, affordable CranBarry stick for school and developing players.
Choosing the right field hockey stick comes down to five things: length, composition (how much carbon, fiberglass or aramid is in it), bow shape, weight and balance, and the surface you play on. Get these right and the stick works with you. A stick that is too long, too stiff or the wrong shape makes trapping, dribbling and passing harder than they need to be.
Choose stick length by height. Standing upright, the top of the stick should reach about your hip bone.
| Player height | Height (cm) | Typical age | Stick length |
|---|---|---|---|
| Under 4'0" | Under 122 | 5–7 | 28" |
| 4'0"–4'3" | 122–130 | 7–8 | 30" |
| 4'4"–4'7" | 132–140 | 8–10 | 32" |
| 4'8"–5'0" | 142–152 | 10–12 | 34" |
| 5'1"–5'4" | 155–163 | 12–14 | 35" or 35.5" |
| 5'5"–5'8" | 165–173 | 14+ | 36" or 36.5" |
| 5'9"–5'11" | 175–180 | Adult | 36.5" or 37.5" |
| 6'0" and over | 183+ | Adult | 37.5" or 38.5" |
Between sizes? Go shorter for close control and dribbling, longer for reach and hitting. FIH rules cap stick length at 105 cm (41.3").
Modern composite field hockey sticks are made by layering carbon fiber, fiberglass and aramid (Kevlar-type fibers) around a foam core. Each material does a different job:
Some brands state an exact carbon percentage. Others use series numbers instead, for example TK 1 / 2 / 3, STX RX, XT and HPR, or Grays GX, AC and GR. The carbon chart in our carbon level guides shows which range suits which player.
The bow is the curve along the face of the stick. Where the curve peaks changes how the stick plays. A standard bow peaks in the middle and is best for flat passing and control. A mid bow or control bow is the most versatile choice. A low bow or late bow peaks closer to the head, which makes lifts, aerials and drag flicks easier. Extreme low bows, such as Grays Jumbow and Ultrabow, are built for advanced 3D skills.
FIH rules cap bow depth at 25 mm, so every stick from a major brand is legal for competition.
Every stick on this page comes from an established brand that designs within these rules. If your stick cracks or splinters, replace it: damaged sticks are unsafe and not allowed in matches.
Replace the grip when it gets slippery (see field hockey grips), keep the stick out of hot cars, and check the toe and edges for chips. A thin layer of stick tape on the head reduces damage. Carry sticks in a padded stick bag when you travel.
We compare sticks from 26 brands. Kookaburra (21), Grays (20), TK (20), STX (17), Gryphon (13), Mazon (12), Brabo (12), Osaka (11), OBO (10) & Princess (9). Use the brand filter at the top of the page to compare them side by side, or open a brand page to see everything it makes.
Most players buy sticks together with other essentials. Compare field hockey balls, field hockey shin guards, field hockey goggles & face masks, field hockey gloves, field hockey goalie equipment, field hockey shoes & cleats & field hockey bags, or start from the FieldHockeyWorld homepage.
Buying questions first, then questions about the products on this page.
Stand the stick upright next to you. The top should reach your hip bone. Most adults use 36"–37.5", teens 35"–36.5" and children 28"–34". If you are between sizes, go shorter for control or longer for reach.
A wooden or fiberglass stick, or one with under 30% carbon, with a standard or mid bow, in the right length. Popular beginner sticks include the STX X-Ray, STX RX 50, Grays GX1000 and TK 3 series.
Beginners: 0–30%. Developing and high-school players: 30–65%. Experienced varsity and club players: 70–85%. Elite and college players: 90%+. More carbon gives more power but less forgiveness.
Standard and mid bows give the most control and suit beginners, defenders and midfielders. Low and extreme low bows make lifts and drag flicks easier and suit skilled attackers.
No. Field hockey sticks are right-handed by rule, and left-handed sticks are not allowed. Left-handed players use the same sticks as everyone else.
Usually one to three seasons of regular play, depending on how often you train and how hard you hit. Replace any stick that is cracked or splintered.
Yes. Indoor sticks are lighter and thinner, and most indoor competitions have stricter weight and thickness rules than outdoor play.
No. The best stick matches your level. A high-carbon elite stick can make it harder for a beginner to control the ball.
For new players, start with STX RX 101 Field Hockey Stick 36 inch, STX X-Ray Wooden Field Hockey Stick 28 inch & STX IX 401 Indoor Field Hockey Stick 35 inch. These are listed as beginner-level, so they are more forgiving and easier to use.
Experienced players often choose STX RX 902 Field Hockey Stick 35.5 inch, STX RX 702 Field Hockey Stick 37.5 inch & STX IX 901 Indoor Field Hockey Stick 36.5 inch, which are aimed at advanced and elite levels.
Youth options include STX RX 50 Field Hockey Stick 28 inch, Grays GR5000 Midbow Junior Hockey Stick 35 inch Light & Kookaburra Unisex-Youth Magic Hockey Stick 30 inch. Always check the size or length on the Amazon listing before you buy.
This page includes outdoor (137), indoor (31), goalie (14), wooden (6) & mini stick (3). Use the Type filter at the top of the page to narrow the list.
The highest-carbon options listed here are Kookaburra Team Midas Field Hockey Stick 36.5 inch (98%), Kookaburra Origin Hockey Stick 36.5 Light (98%) & Osaka Stick Pro Tour 100 36.5 inch Superlight (98%). More carbon means more power but less forgiveness.
Every product on this page links to its Amazon listing, where you can see today's price, sizes, delivery and returns. Prices change often, so we link to the live listing instead of showing a price that might be out of date.